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Jan Dismas Zelenka
1679 - 1745
Czech Republic
Jan Dismas Zelenka (16/10/1679 - 23/12/1745), a Bohemian composer, born in Lounovice (Bohemia), who lived and worked mainly in Dresden. The autographs of some of his compositions got lost (or destroyed in the bombing of Dresden) and certain works were preserved, or discovered later only in copies in Prague. His opera includes four requiems (ZWV 45, 46, 48 and 49) and one officium (ZWV 47). ZWV = Zelenka Werken Verzeichnis
Requiem in F major
Requiem in F major, ZWV 49 (ca. 1730), contains "Introitus" and "Sequenza", probably before 1730.
ZWV 49 Requiem [Referred to as either ZWV 49, ZWV49, Z.49 or Z49]. Key: F. Composed: pre-1730. Type of work: Vocal. [SATB, soli & ch.; 2Vn.; 2Va.; Org.] Category: Requiem or Music for the Offices of the Dead.
Requiem in D minor
Requiem in D minor, ZWV 48, a "full" mass, including a "Dies irae". For orchestra, choir, soloists. For the tenth anniversary of the death of Emperor Joseph I (1678-1711). Discovered in 1988. It contains:
1. Introitus : - Requiem aeternam - Te decet hymnus 2. Kyrie : - Kyrie - Christe - Kyrie 3. Sequentia : - Dies Irae - Quantus tremo - Tuba mirum - Mors stupebit - Liber scriptus - Judex ergo - Lacrimosa 4. Offertory : - Domine Jesu Christe - Libera eas - Quam olim - Hostias, quam olim 5. Sanctus : - Sanctus - Osanna - Benedictus - Agnus Dei 6. Communio : - Lux aeterna - Requiem aeterna
ZWV 48 Requiem [Referred to as either ZWV 48, ZWV48, Z.48 or Z48]. Key: D minor. Composed: c.1730-1732. Type of work: Vocal. [SATB, soli & ch.; 3Trbn.; 2Fl.; 2Ob.; Chal.; 2Bn.; 2Vn.; 2Va.; B.c.] Category: Requiem or Music for the Offices of the Dead. More than one recording has been produced.
Requiem in D major
Requiem in D major, ZWV 46 (1733), for orchestra, choir, and soloists. Written for the death of King August II The Strong (Polish August II Mocny) (12/05/1670 - 01/02/1733) was an influential Polish nobleman and monarch. He also held the titles Elector of Saxony and King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. A "full" mass, including a "Dies irae".
ZWV 46 Requiem [Referred to as either ZWV 46, ZWV46, Z.46 or Z46]. Key: D. Composed: 1733. Type of work: Vocal. [SATBB, soli; SATB, ch.; 2Tpt.; Timp.; 2Hn.; 2Fl.; 2Ob.; Chal.; 2Vn.; Va.; B.c.] Category: Requiem or Music for the Offices of the Dead.
This Requiem in D (ZWV 46, 1733) contains:
1) Requiem Aeternam [4:10] 2) Te Decet Deus [:21] 3) Exaudi Domine-Kyrie [:39] 4) Christ Eleison [2:39] 5) Kyrie Eleison [1:20] 6) Dies Irae [:32] 7) Quantus Tremor [:22] 8) Tuba Mirum [1:22] 9) Mors Stupebit [:28] 10) Liber Scriptus [2:17] 11) Rex Tremendae [:31] 12) Recordare [4:19] 13) Lacrimosa [1:54] 14) Huic Ergo Parce [1:19] 15) Domine, Jesu Christe, Rex Gloriae [3:39] 16) Sanctus [:38] 17) Pleni Sunt Coeli-Hosanna [1:04] 18) Benedictus [2:44] 19) Hosanna In Excelsis [1:00] 20) Agnus Dei [3:56] 21) Lux Aeternam [:28] 22) Requiem Aeternam [4:09]
Officium defunctorum
Not a mass, but an Invitatorum and three Lectiones (Lessons), ZWV 47, each for a different soloist and orchestral ensemble, and several Responses. The three Lectiones are: "Parce mihi, Domine", "Taedet animam vitae meae", "Manus tuae fecerunt me". Also "Regem cui omnia".
ZWV 47 Invitatorium, Lectiones (3) et Responsoria (9) (Invitatory, Lessons and Responses) [Referred to as either ZWV 47, ZWV47, Z.47 or Z47]. Key: Various. Composed: 1733. Type of work: Vocal. [SATB, soli & ch.; 2Fl.; 2Ob.; Chal.; 2Vn.; Va.; B.c.] Category: Requiem or Music for the Offices of the Dead.
This Officium defunctorum ZWV 47 (1733) contains:
1) Regem Cui Omnia Vivunt [10:32] 2) Parce Mihi Domine [5:15] 3) Credo Quod Redemptor [2:28] 4) Taedet Animam Vitae Meae [4:01] 5) Qui Lazarum Resuscitasti [4:06] 6) Manus Tuae Fecerunt [4:21] 7) Domine Quando Veneris [4:01] 8) Responde Mihi [1:21] 9) Memento Mei Domine [2:44] 10) Homo Natus De Muliere [1:10] 11) Hei Mihi Domine [2:42] 12) Quis Mihi Hoc Tribuat [1:14] 13) Ne Recordaris Peccata Mea [2:44] 14) Spiritus Meus Attenuabitur [1:01] 15) Peccantem Me Quottidie [3:54] 16) Pelli Meae, Consumptis Carnibus [1:10] 17) Domine Secundum Actum Meum [3:03] 18) Quare De Vulva Eduxisti [1:22] 19) Libera Me Domine [4:06]
Requiem in C minor
Requiem in C minor, ZWV 45 (ca. 1737). The requiem (probably from the mid 1730s) is a marvel of concision demanded by the time limit for the event it commemorates - the death of Kaiser Joseph I (1678-1711). Avoiding declamation and keeping the polyphony transparent, the whole mass runs less than 45 minutes and still manages to display Zelenka's personal fingerprints.
This requiem (ZWV 45) is for orchestra, choir and soloists. The requiem was found in Prague in the 1980s, first performed in 1984. A "full" mass, including a "Dies irae".
ZWV 45 Requiem (attributed to Zelenka. Earliest dated copy: Prague 1763) [Referred to as either ZWV 45, ZWV45, Z.45 or Z45]. Key: C minor. Composed: ?. Type of work: Vocal. [SATB, soli & ch.; 3Trbn.; 2Vn.; Va.; B.c.] Category: Requiem or Music for the Offices of the Dead. More than one recording has been produced.
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